What is Loom in Textile Weaving?
In weaving technology, a loom is not a machine but it is ultimately a device which is used to produce woven fabric by the insertion of weft and warp yarn. The loom is the main contact point of the total process of the woven fabric production such as ginning, opening, spinning, carding, warping, winding, beaming and sizing.
It should be noted here that, looms are normally run by either motor fitted shaft or line shaft. Different types of loom has presented in this article.
Classification of Loom in Textile:
Loom is mainly classified into two types. These are-
§ Hand loom,
§ Power loom
The main loom types have explained in the following:
1. Hand Loom:
Hand loom is classified into five types which are in the below:
§ Vertical or primitive loom,
§ Pit loom,
§ Frame loom,
§ Hattersley loom,
§ Chattaranjan loom.
Pit Loom:
Pit loom is two types where one is fly shuttle loom and another one is throw shuttle loom.
Frame Loom:
Frame loom has two types, one is fly shuttle loom and another one is throw shuttle loom.
2. Power loom:
Power loo has three types, those are-
§ Ordinary power loom,
§ Modern loom or shuttle less loom,
§ Automatic power loom.
Modern Loom or Shuttle Less Loom:
Modern loom or shuttle less loom has classified into four types, such as-
§ Rapier loom,
§ Multiphase loom,
§ Projectile loom,
§ Jet loom.
Rapier Loom:
It has two types, those are-
§ Single rapier loom,
§ Double rapier loom.
Multiphase Loom:
It has also two types, these are-
§ Plain loom,
§ Circular loom.
Jet Loom:
Jet loom is classified into two types. These are-
§ Water jet loom,
§ Air jet loom.
Exercises!
1. Find the meaning in Indonesia of these words:
a. Produce woven fabric
b. the insertion of weft
c. warp yarn.
d. ginning,
e. spinning,
f. carding,
g. warping,
h. winding,
i. beaming
j. sizing.
k. fly shuttle loom
l. throw shuttle loom.
m. Ordinary power loom,
n. Modern loom or shuttle less loom,
o. Automatic power loom.
p. Rapier loom,
q. Multiphase loom,
r. Projectile loom,
s. Jet loom.
t. Single rapier loom,
u. Double rapier loom.
v. Multiphase Loom:
w. Plain loom,
x. Circular loom.
y. Water jet loom,
z. Air jet loom.
2. What kinds of looms you have ever used?
3. What is the advantage or disadvantage of the loom you have used?
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